Kuyambira kufika kwa magalimoto oyaka moto kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lapitalo, pambuyo pa chitukuko ndi kukonzanso kosalekeza, iwo mwamsanga akhala mphamvu yaikulu ya ntchito yotetezera moto, ndipo asintha kwambiri nkhope ya anthu omwe akulimbana ndi moto.
Panali magalimoto oyaka moto okokedwa ndi akavalo zaka 500 zapitazo
Mu 1666, moto unabuka mumzinda wa London, ku England.Motowo unayaka kwa masiku 4 ndikuwononga nyumba 1,300 kuphatikizapo tchalitchi chodziwika bwino cha St.Anthu anayamba kutchera khutu ku ntchito yoteteza moto mumzindawu.Posakhalitsa, a British anapanga galimoto yoyamba yozimitsa madzi pamanja padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo anagwiritsa ntchito payipi kuzimitsa motowo.
Mu kusintha kwa mafakitale, mapampu a nthunzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza moto
Panthawi ya kusintha kwa mafakitale ku Britain, Watt adawongolera injini ya nthunzi.Posakhalitsa, injini za nthunzi zinagwiritsidwanso ntchito pozimitsa moto.Galimoto yamoto yoyendetsedwa ndi injini ya nthunzi inaonekera ku London m’chaka cha 1829. Galimoto yamtunduwu imakokedwabe ndi akavalo.Kumbuyo kuli makina ozimitsa moto opangidwa ndi malasha oyendetsedwa ndi injini ya 10-horsepower twin-cylinder steam yokhala ndi payipi yofewa.pompa madzi.
Mu 1835, New York idakhazikitsa gulu loyamba lozimitsa moto padziko lonse lapansi, lomwe pambuyo pake linatchedwa "Apolisi Ozimitsa Moto" ndikuphatikizidwa m'gulu la apolisi a mumzinda.Galimoto yoyamba yozimitsa moto ku United States inamangidwa mu 1841 ndi Mngelezi Pol R. Hogu, yemwe ankakhala ku New York.Ikhoza kupopera madzi padenga la New York City Hall.Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, injini zozimitsa moto zinali zitadziwika kumadzulo.
Zozimitsa zozimitsa moto zakale sizinali zabwino ngati ngolo zokokedwa ndi akavalo
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, ndikubwera kwa magalimoto amakono, injini zozimitsa moto posakhalitsa zinatenga injini zoyatsira mkati monga mphamvu zokoka, komabe zinagwiritsabe ntchito mapampu amadzi opangidwa ndi nthunzi monga mapampu amadzi amoto.
Pachionetsero chachitsanzo ku Versailles, France, mu 1898, kampani ya Gambier ku Lille, France, inasonyeza galimoto yoyamba padziko lonse yozimitsa moto, ngakhale yakale komanso yopanda ungwiro.
Mu 1901, galimoto yamoto yopangidwa ndi Royal Caledi Company ku Liverpool, England, inatengedwa ndi Liverpool City Fire Brigade.M’mwezi wa August chaka chomwecho, galimoto yozimitsa motoyo inatumizidwa kwa nthaŵi yoyamba pa ntchito yake.
Mu 1930, anthu adatcha magalimoto oyaka moto "magalimoto a makandulo".Panthawi imeneyo, "galimoto ya makandulo" inalibe thanki yamadzi, mipope yochepa chabe ya madzi otalika komanso makwerero.Chochititsa chidwi n’chakuti ozimitsa moto panthaŵiyo anali ataimirira pa galimotoyo motsatizana atagwira njanji.
Pofika m'zaka za m'ma 1920, magalimoto oyaka moto omwe amayendera injini zoyatsira mkati anayamba kuonekera.Panthawiyi, mapangidwe a galimoto zozimitsa moto anali ophweka, ndipo ambiri a iwo anawonjezeredwa pa galimoto yomwe inalipo kale.M'galimotoyo pompa madzi ndi thanki yowonjezera yamadzi.Kunja kwa galimotoyo kunapachikidwa ndi makwerero ozimitsa moto, nkhwangwa zozimitsa moto, magetsi osaphulika, ndi mapaipi amoto.
Pambuyo pa zaka zoposa 100 za chitukuko, magalimoto oyaka moto masiku ano asanduka "banja lalikulu" kuphatikizapo magulu osiyanasiyana komanso luso lamakono lodabwitsa.
Galimoto yozimitsa moto m'thanki yamadzi ikadali galimoto yozimitsa moto yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa ozimitsa moto.Kuwonjezera pa kukhala ndi mapampu amoto ndi zipangizo, galimotoyo imakhala ndi matanki akuluakulu osungira madzi, mfuti zamadzi, mizinga yamadzi, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimatha kunyamula madzi ndi ozimitsa moto kumalo oyaka moto kuti azimitsa moto.Oyenera kulimbana ndi moto wamba.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zinthu zozimitsira moto za makemikolo kuzimitsa moto wapadera mmalo mwa madzi ndikusintha kwa njira zozimitsira moto kwa zaka zikwi zambiri.Mu 1915, National Foam Company ya ku United States inapanga ufa woyamba wozimitsa moto wa ufa wopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu sulfate ndi sodium bicarbonate.Posakhalitsa, zida zatsopano zozimitsa motozi zidagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'magalimoto ozimitsa moto.
Imatha kupopera mwachangu chithovu chachikulu cha mpweya wowonjezera 400-1000 nthawi za thovu kuti adzilekanitse pamwamba pa chinthu choyaka mlengalenga, makamaka choyenera kulimbana ndi moto wamafuta monga mafuta ndi zinthu zake.
Ikhoza kuzimitsa zinthu zamadzimadzi zomwe zimatha kuyaka ndi kuyaka, moto wa gasi woyaka, moto wa zida zamoyo, komanso moto wazinthu zina.Pamoto waukulu wamapaipi wamankhwala, mphamvu yozimitsa moto ndiyofunikira kwambiri, ndipo ndi galimoto yozimitsa moto yamabizinesi amafuta.
Ndi kusintha kwa msinkhu wa nyumba zamakono, pali nyumba zowonjezereka zowonjezereka komanso zowonjezereka, ndipo galimoto yamoto yasinthanso, ndipo galimoto yozimitsa moto ya makwerero yawonekera.Makwerero amitundu yambiri pamakwerero amoto amatha kutumiza mwachindunji ozimitsa moto kumalo oyaka moto pamalo okwera kwambiri kuti athandize pakagwa tsoka, ndipo amatha kupulumutsa anthu ovutika omwe atsekeredwa pamoto mu nthawi, zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri luso la zozimitsa moto ndi chithandizo chatsoka.
Masiku ano, magalimoto ozimitsa moto akhala akuchulukirachulukira.Mwachitsanzo, magalimoto oyaka moto wa carbon dioxide amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka polimbana ndi moto monga zida zamtengo wapatali, zida zolondola, zotsalira zachikhalidwe zofunika ndi mabuku ndi zolemba zakale;magalimoto opulumutsa opulumutsira ndege amaperekedwa kuti apulumutse ndi kupulumutsa moto wangozi za ndege.Ogwira ntchito paulendo;magalimoto oyaka moto amapereka kuyatsa kwa moto usiku ndi ntchito yopulumutsa;magalimoto oyaka utsi ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozimitsa moto m'nyumba zapansi panthaka ndi nyumba zosungiramo zinthu, etc.
Magalimoto oyaka moto ndiwo mphamvu yayikulu pazida zamakono zozimitsa moto, ndipo chitukuko chake ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi chitukuko cha zomangamanga zadziko.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-24-2022